How to Process Complex Scheelite Ores with Mixed Grain Sizes?

2025-12-26

Processing complex scheelite ores with mixed grain sizes requires a strategic combination of beneficiation techniques to account for the grain size variability and the associated gangue minerals. Here’s an outline of the key steps and considerations:

1. **شناسایی مشخصات سنگ معدن طلا**

• تحلیل معدنی‌شناسی: Conduct a detailed mineralogical study to understand the distribution of scheelite (calcium tungstate, CaWO₄), associated gangue minerals (calcite, silicates, sulfides, etc.), and impurities.
• Grain Size Analysis: Determine the scheelite liberation size and assess the variation in grain size, as it will influence the choice of the beneficiation methods.
• تجزیه و تحلیل شیمیایی: Assess the tungsten content and impurities such as sulfur, phosphorus, and arsenic.

2. خردایش و آسیاب‌کاری

• خرد کردن: Crush the ores to a suitable size to prepare for comminution and subsequent separation processes while minimizing over-grinding.
• سایش: Implement staged grinding to liberate scheelite from gangue while avoiding excess fine particles that can reduce flotation efficiency. Employ closed-circuit grinding (e.g., ball mill with cyclone classification).

3. Pre-Concentration

• Use gravity-based methods (like jigs, shaking tables, or spirals) to separate coarse-grained scheelite before fine-grained processing.
• Heavy media separation may also be used for ores with distinct density differences between scheelite and gangue minerals.

4. Flotation for Fine-Grained Scheelite

• شرطی سازی: Adjust the pH to slightly alkaline (typically 9-10) using lime or sodium carbonate. Use depressants (e.g., sodium silicate or tannin) to suppress gangue minerals, particularly calcite.
• جمع‌آوری‌کنندگان: Use fatty acids or their derivatives (e.g., sodium oleate) as collectors for scheelite.
• اصلاح‌کننده‌ها: Introduce modifiers to enhance selective flotation (e.g., phosphate depressants, sulfhydryl collectors for sulfides).
• Address the challenge of fine particle processing by implementing measures to promote better particle-bubble interaction during flotation.

5. Magnetic or Electrostatic Separation

• For ores containing magnetite or other paramagnetic minerals, magnetic separation may help remove impurities.
• Electrostatic separation can be useful for additional refining, particularly for fine-grained scheelite concentrates.

6. Hydrometallurgical Processing (Optional, if needed)

• Ores with high impurities or complex associations may require chemical processing post-concentration to remove residual contaminants.
• Alkaline leaching or roasting with soda ash can be used to upgrade concentrates.

مدیریت و بازیابی باطله‌ها

• Recover fine scheelite particles from flotation tailings using advanced gravity concentration or centrifugal separators (e.g., Knelson concentrators or Falcon concentrators).
• Ensure environmentally secure tailings disposal, especially if the ore contains harmful elements (arsenic, sulfur, etc.).

8. Process Optimization

• Mix different grain sizes strategically during processing to achieve better flow and separation efficiency.
• Customize reagent combinations and operating conditions based on ore variability and mineral intergrowth.

ملاحظات کلیدی:

1. انتخاب واکنش‌دهنده: Proper reagent selection is crucial for selective scheelite flotation, particularly for ores with significant calcite or fluorite content.
2. Fine Particle Challenges: Fine materials often pose challenges in flotation due to poor surface interaction. Employ dispersants or hydrophilic coatings to counteract this.
3. Economic and Environmental Feasibility: Opt for environmentally friendly reagents and ensure cost-effective processing routes.

By incorporating these steps and adapting them to the characteristics of the specific ore, complex scheelite ores with mixed grain sizes can be efficiently processed to obtain high-grade tungsten concentrates.

شرکت پیشرو (شانگهای) فناوری معدن، با تمرکز بر ارائه راهکارهای کامل فرآوری مواد معدنی و مواد پیشرفته در سطح جهانی، در زمینه‌های مختلف فعالیت می‌کند. تمرکز اصلی ما بر فرآوری طلا، غنی‌سازی لیتیوم، مواد معدنی صنعتی و تولید مواد آندی و فرآوری گرافیت است.

محصولات شامل: آسیاب و طبقه‌بندی، جداسازی و آبگیری، تصفیه طلا، فرآوری کربن/گرافیت و سیستم‌های استخراج.

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