Which Gravity Circuits Maximize Chrome Recovery and Grade?

2026-01-17

Maximizing chrome recovery and grade in gravity circuits typically involves designing efficient flowsheets and optimizing equipment configurations to separate chromite (Cr₂O₃) effectively from gangue materials. Here are some key gravity circuits commonly used:

1. Concentrateurs en spirale

• Comment ça marche : Spiral concentrators use centrifugal forces and gravity to concentrate heavy chromite particles while removing lighter gangue minerals.
• Avantages : High separation efficiency for fine chromite particles (typically -1 mm to +0.037 mm).
• Optimization Tips:
  • Proper feed size distribution: Remove ultrafines (<37 microns) through screening or hydrocyclones beforehand because ultrafine particles reduce efficiency.
  • Monitor spiral angles and feed pulp density (30–40% solids by weight).
  • Consider multi-pass spirals with rougher, cleaner, and scavenger stages to maximize recovery.

2. Tables de Secousses

• Comment ça marche : Shaking tables rely on differential density and particle motion to segregate chromite from gangue minerals.
• Avantages : Exceptional separation for finer fractions of chromite (-1 mm).
• Optimization Tips:
  • Use proper table tilt angles and feed rates.
  • Ensure uniform feed across the table surface for consistent separation.
  • Adjust wash water flow to improve concentrate grade.

3. Hydrocyclones

• Comment ça marche : Hydrocyclones separate particles based on size and density through centrifugal classification.
• Avantages : Used for pre-concentration to remove ultrafines (-37 microns) and improve downstream circuit performance.
• Optimization Tips:
  • Maintain appropriate feed pressure and cyclone diameter.
  • Split the flow into coarse and fine fractions for subsequent gravity processing.

4. Séparation par Médiation Dense (SMD)

• Comment ça marche : DMS uses a dense medium (typically magnetite or ferrosilicon slurry) to separate chromite particles based on density differences.
• Avantages : Highly effective for coarser chromite particles (generally >1 mm).
• Optimization Tips:
  • Keep the dense medium balanced in terms of density and viscosity.
  • Optimize feed rate and particle size for efficient separation.

5. Humphrey Spirals

• A specialized spiral concentrator with multiple stages for finer chromite recovery.
• More efficient for finer fractions and typically used in cleaner circuits.

Best Practices for Gravity Circuit Design

• Stage Processing: Integrate rougher, cleaner, and scavenger units to maximize recovery and grade.
• Libération minérale: Ensure chromite liberation through proper comminution (grinding and crushing prior to gravity separation).
• Préparation des aliments: Eliminate slimes and ultrafines using hydrocyclones or classifiers to improve chromite separation efficiency.
• Downstream Integration: Combine gravity separation with magnetic separation (wet high-gradient magnetic separators) for maximum chromite recovery from tailings.

Recommended Chrome Recovery Flow Sheet

A typical chrome recovery setup might include:

1. Crushing and Screening — To prepare feed.
2. Desliming (hydrocyclones) — To remove ultrafines.
3. Spiral Concentrators — For initial rougher separation.
4. Shaking Table or Cleaner Spirals — For higher grade concentrates.
5. Magnetic Separation — To recover additional chromite particles.

By tailoring the circuit and focusing on equipment optimization, you can recover high-grade chrome efficiently while minimizing losses in tailings.

Prominer (Shanghai) Mining Technology Co., Ltd. est spécialisée dans la fourniture de solutions complètes de traitement des minéraux et de matériaux avancés à l'échelle mondiale. Nos activités principales comprennent le traitement de l'or, l'enrichissement du minerai de lithium et les minéraux industriels. Nous sommes également spécialisés dans la production de matériaux d'anode et le traitement du graphite.

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